JOURNAL OF THE CZECH PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY AND THE SLOVAK PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY

Čes. slov. farm. 2015, 64(4):126-132 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2015.028

Effectiveness of phytotherapy in supportive treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. III. Momordica (Momordica charantia)

Jana Rudá-Kučerová1,2,*, Hana Kotolová3, David Koupý4
1 Masarykova Univerzita, Lékařská fakulta, Farmakologický ústav, Brno, Česká republika
2 Masarykova Univerzita, CEITEC - Středoevropský technologický institut, Brno, Česká republika
3 Veterinární a Farmaceutická Univerzita Brno, Farmaceutická fakulta, Ústav humánní farmakologie a toxikologie, Brno, Česká republika
4 Vojenská nemocnice Brno, Interní oddělení, Brno, Česká republika

Momordica charantia is a thermophilic voluble plant from the tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, Africa and the Caribbean. In central Europe, momordica requires greenhouse plantations. Mature fruits resemble a cucumber or a pumpkin and can be used as other similar vegetables. Crude fruits are very bitter and refreshing. For centuries the plant has been known in Chinese traditional medicine for its antidiabetic effects as well as for the treatment of cancer or infections caused by worms, viruses and malaria. Antidiabetic effects are attributed namely to cucurbitane type triterpenoids, charantin, p-insulin and 9cis-11trans-13trans-conjugated linolenic acid. These substances in momordica preparations show antidiabetic effectiveness in clinical studies by increasing insulin secretion and deceasing insulin resistance or glucose absorption from the gut. Beside this main effect the extract possesses certain neuroprotective and antioxidant effects (especially p9cis-11trans-13trans-conjugated linolenic acid) and contributes to normalize blood lipid and adipokine levels which results in the normalization of metabolic syndrome. Antidiabetic effectiveness of momordica was compared to active treatment with several oral antidiabetic drugs and proved comparable effects. However, the number of studies is limited and their methodological approach variable. Therefore, the evidence is so far inconclusive.

Keywords: momordica; Momordica charantia; diabetes mellitus; phytotherapy
Grants and funding:

Podpořeno projektem specifického výzkumu na Masarykově univerzitě MUNI/A/1116/2014.

Received: February 14, 2015; Accepted: July 7, 2015; Published: April 1, 2015  Show citation

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Rudá-Kučerová J, Kotolová H, Koupý D. Effectiveness of phytotherapy in supportive treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. III. Momordica (Momordica charantia). Čes. slov. farm. 2015;64(4):126-132. doi: 10.36290/csf.2015.028.
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