Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2005 (vol. 54), issue 4
Original Articles
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour of the Population of the Czech Republic to Self-Medication II. Knowledge of and Information about Drugs
L. Drhová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):168-172 
A large survey carried out from June to September 2002 in the territory of the Czech Republic found and analyzed the knowledge of the population of the Czech Republic in relation to self-medication and o-t-c drugs and revealed the main problematic areas from the viewpoint of the public. The survey was particularly focused on the attitudes to the extending assortment of OTC drugs, self-medication in pregnancy, keeping drug records in pharmacies, and the introduction of basic, general advice on medicaments to the education in elementary schools. The results reveal that 36 % of respondents think that the assortment of OTC drugs should be extended. There...
HPLC Separation of Racemic Basic Esters of Alkoxyphenylcarbamic Acid Using Two Teicoplanin Chiral Stationary Phases
T. Rojkovičová, J. Lehotay, J. Čiľmárik
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):173-177
This paper presents the results obtained with the use of two chiral stationary phases (CSP), based on a glycopeptide antibiotic agent - teicoplanin aglycone (CHIROBIOTIC TAG) and methylated teicoplanin aglycon m-TAG. Twenty-one racemic mixtures of 1-methyl-2-piperidinoethylesters of 2-, 3- a 4-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid were examined. The investigation included interaction between separated substances and CSP, and the effect of separation of the enantiomers under study on the value of the resolution factor (Rij) under identical chromatographic conditions with the use of the method of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). On the basis of obtained...
A Survey into Smokers' Interest in Quitting Smoking and in the Provision of Smoking Cessation Counselling in Community Pharmacies
M. Vavřík, P. Matejka, P. ©vec
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):178-183
Since even a little help from healthcare professionals provided to smokers in the form of a clear-cut and resolute interventions may help increase a rather low rate of smokers' successful attempts to quit smoking, the pharmacists, who are on a daily basis in a close contact with the patients-smokers, have a very good position to assume an important role in enforcing the anti-smoking activities, both in the form of their active approach to such patients and the provision of counselling to support smoking cessation. Our questionnaire was designed to assess the interest of smokers in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in quitting smoking and the interest...
Penetrometry Used for the Estimation of Flow Rate
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):184-186
Penetrometry through a cone is a standardized method of comparing the consistence of semisolid systems. For the time being, this arrangement is only of marginal importance for the evaluation of flow ability of powders. For this purpose it is recommended to use penetrometry by means of a ball, which is significantly connected with the volume flow rate. The present original paper attempts to find the regression dependence suitable for the estimation of the flow rate of size fractions by means of powdered auxiliary substances. This solution replaces the traditional penetrometric degrees (unit of length) with volume or weight of freely layered powder pushed...
Effect of Humectants on Pharmaceutical Availability and Rheological Properties of Loratadin-Containing Hydrogels
Z. Capková, Z. Vitková, V. Vysokaiová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):187-191
The paper examines the formulation of the antihistamine loratadin into hydrogels, the polymers under evaluation being Carbopol® 980 and Vivastar® P 5000. As other pharmaceutical auxiliary substances from the group of humectants are an indispensable component of hydrogels, the paper evaluates their influence (glycerol - GL, propylene glycol - PG, and sorbitol - SO) on the structural viscosity and pH of hydrogels as well as pharmaceutical availability of loratadin. On the basis of the results of the study it can be concluded that from the viewpoint of dermal administration of loratadin the hydrogels of the following composition...
A Comparison of the Efficacy of the Reactivators of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibited with Tabun
J. Cabal, K. Kuča, D. Jun, J. Bajgar, M. Hrabinová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):192-195
The nerve agent tabun inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) by the formation of a covalent bond with the enzyme. Afterwards, AChE is not able to fulfil its role in the organism and subsequently cholinergic crisis occurs. AChE reactivators (pralidoxime, obidoxime and HI-6) as causal antidotes are used for the cleavage of the bond between the enzyme and nerve agent. Unfortunately, their potency for reactivation of tabun-inhibited AChE is poor. The aim of the study was to choose the most potent reactivator of tabun-inhibited AChE. We have tested eight AChE reactivators - pralidoxime, obidoxime, trimedoxime, HI-6, methoxime, Hlö-7 and our newly...
Review articles
Advances in Enantioselective TLC of Therapeutic Agents
J. ©ubert, K. ©lais
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):159-162
Enantioselective TLC represents a still developing field of analysis of therapeutic agents. In recent years, similarly as in HPLC, mainly direct separations of enantiomers without their preceding derivatization have been published, preferentially using chiral stationary phases, separations with a chiral selector in the mobile phase being less frequent. In the future, a larger choice of commercially available chiral stationary phases could contribute to a more widespread use of enantioselective TLC.
Methods of Artificial Intelligence: A New Trend in Pharmacy
V. Dohnal, K. Kuča, D. Jun
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(4):163-167
Artificial neural networks (ANN) and genetic algorithms are one group of methods called artificial intelligence. The application of ANN on pharmaceutical data can lead to an understanding of the inner structure of data and a possibility to build a model (adaptation). In addition, for certain cases it is possible to extract rules from data. The adapted ANN is prepared for the prediction of properties of compounds which were not used in the adaptation phase. The applications of ANN have great potential in pharmaceutical industry and in the interpretation of analytical, pharmacokinetic or toxicological data.