Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2004 (vol. 53), issue 3
Articles
Antimicrobial Substances in Ophthalmic Drops
Z. Šklubalová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):107-116
Microbial contamination of ophthalmic drops means a risk of serious injury to the eye. Ophthalmicdrops must therefore comply with sterility requirements. Protection of multiple-dose drops againstsecondary contamination is ensured by an addition of an antimicrobial agent. Selection of a suitableantimicrobial agent is conditioned by many factors, such as the spectrum of effect, properties of thepreparation, compatibility with the components of the preparation and the container, and thetechnology of manufacture. Although the added antimicrobial substance ensures the safety of thepreparation, on the other hand it can produce a number of negative effects...
Pharmaceutical Importance of Allium sativum L. 5. Hypolipidemic Effect in vitro and in vivo
M. Sovová, P. Sova
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):117-123
The paper summarizes the knowledge on the antihyperlipidemic effect of garlic, formulationsprepared from it, and the individual components, which were obtained prevalently in recent decade.It presents varying opinions based on experimental results concerning the mechanisms by meansof which the effect takes place. In vitro experiments were carried out mainly on the cultures of rathepatocytes and an inhibitory effect on important enzymic activities taking place in the biosynthesisof cholesterol and fatty acids was demonstrated. The most frequently employed in vivo models wererabbits. The antiatherogenic effect was markedly manifested by a reduction of...
Advances in the Development of Antituberculotics Containing No Heterocycles in thePharmacophore Part 2. Other Derivatives Except Carboxylic Acids
K. Waisser, K. Dražková
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):124-130
This paper is the 21st communication in the series of review papers on the development of antituberculotics and the 10th communication summarizing the papers on the development of antituberculotics in recent 15 years. The first seven communications were devoted to heterocyclic compounds, the eighth one to the compounds containing an alkylsulfanyl group in the pharmacophore.The present paper sums up information concerning the compounds not containing a heterocyclein the pharmacophore which are not derivatives of carboxylic acids either. This completes theseries of communications recording the development of antituberculotics in the recent period. Thecommunication...
Ricin - A Plant Toxin with Possible Therapeutic Use
M. Nagy
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):131-134
Ricin is a very toxic RIP II type lectin.As no effective antidote is known, its toxicity could be misusedin terrorist actions. The mechanism of the toxic action is currently studied for the preparation ofselective immunotoxins, which could be used in the therapy of various cancer diseases or HIVinfection. There are promising in vitro results, but some adverse in vivo effects limit the use of thesepreparations in real therapy.
Silybum marianum in vitro
L. Tůmová, K. Gallová, J. Řimáková
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):135-140
Callus and suspension cultures of Silybum marianum were derived and the growth and productioncharacteristics were assayed. The maximal production of flavonolignans was achieved at thebeginning of cultivation, i.e. on day 10 after inoculation in MS medium with α-NAA and on day 15after inoculation in MS medium with 2.4-D with continuous growth of the culture. The content ofsilymarin in the plant drug was 3.05%, in the in vitro culture it was just tenths of percents. TLCanalysis revealed that the spectrum of flavonolignans of the drug differed from the spectrum offlavonolignans produced by tissue cultures. No differences in the spectra of flavonolignans...
Use of Phenylglyoxylic Ketyl Radicals on the Testing of the Antioxidant Effect of VariousCompounds
F. Šeršeň, T. Vencel, A. Gáplovský, T. Anus
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):141-144
The paper describes spontaneous decomposition of D,L-2,3-diphenyltartaric acid in propane-2-ol,which takes place via radicals at ambient temperature. The primary product of the decompositionis short-living ketyl radicals of phenylglyoxalic acid, which are captured and stabilized by means ofthe spin trap of N-terc-butyl-α-phenylnitrone. The spontaneous decomposition of D,L-2,3-diphenyltartaricacid in propane-2-ol served as the source of radicals for the determination of the antioxidativeeffect of known antioxidants: C-vitamin, E-vitamin, and selenomethionine. It was found thatthe above-mentioned antioxidants are effective scavengers of radicals...
Oxidative Determination of Rutine in Tablets by the Method of Flow Injection Analysiswith Chemiluminescence Detection
J. Dolejšová, M. Polášek, P. Solich, R. Karlíček, L. Tůmová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):145-150
A simple, rapid and fully automated flow injection method (FIA) with chemiluminescence detectionafter oxidation with KMnO4 in acid medium at room temperature has been developed for thedetermination of rutine in pharmaceutical formulation. Hexamethaphosphate sodium was utilizedas enhancer of chemiluminescence. The calibration curvewas linear in the range 0.01-0.26 mmol.l-1with detection limit 0.005mmol.l-1,RSD 0.46% (n=10) and a sample throughput of 75.h-1 using a 200µl sample volume. The method was used for the determination of rutine in mass-produced dosageform: Rutin 250 tablets á 50 mg, (firm Nature's Bounty, USA). The FIA method was statisticallycompared...
Contact Sensitization to Auxiliary Substances in Dermatological External and CosmeticPreparations
E. Dastychová, M. Nečas, K. Pěnčíková, P. Černý
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(3):151-156
From April 2001 to December 2002, a group of 514 patients (178 men, 336 women, average age 42.8years) suffering from chronic eczema were tested by means of epicutaneous tests for contacthypersensitivity to selected auxiliary substances of dermatological external and cosmetic preparations.In 194 patients, the principal diagnosis was atopic eczema. Of the preservatives, the mostfrequently sensitizing agents were Thiomersal in 13.6%, phenylmercuric acetate in 7.8%, formaldehydein 5.6%, Bronopol in 5.1%, chlorohexidine in 3.3%, dibromodicyanobutane/phenoxyethanol in2.9%, chloroacetamide in 2.1%, Kathon CG and parabenes in 1.9%, imidazolidinyl urea anddiazolidinyl...