Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2007 (vol. 56), issue 5
Original Articles
Abiotic elicitation of Trifolium pratense L. Suspension culture
M. Kašparová, T. Siatka, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):225-229 
Important substances of secondary metabolism include flavonoids and isoflavonoids. The Trifolium pratense L. (Fabacae) suspension culture is characterized by low production of these metabolites and therefore we tried to influence the production output with elicitation. From their origin point of view, the elicitors are divided into two groups - biotic and abiotic. The latter group includes, for instance, the salts of heavy metals. Our work was aimed at observing the effect of the copper sulphate abiotic elicitor on the production of the Trifolium pratense L. suspension culture (variety DO-8 and variety DO-9) that was cultivated in Gamborg media supplemented...
Effect of vanadium compounds on the growth and production of coumarins in the suspension culture of Angelica archangelica L.
T. Siatka, M. Kašparová
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):230-234
Plant tissue cultures represent a promising source of substances of natural origin. The main problem of their use is a low production of the majority of secondary metabolites. One of the methods of increasing the production of these substances is elicitation, because the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites in plant cells is part of the defensive reaction against biological or abiotic stress influences. The paper tested vanadium compounds as potential elicitors of the production of coumarins: sodium vanadate (0.2; 1; 10; 100 and 1000 μM/l of medium) and vanadyl sulfate (10; 20; 50; 100; 200 and 500 μM/l of medium). The toxicity of these...
Effect of thermal curing of the ethyl cellulose film on the rapidity of release of diclofenac sodium from pellets
E. Gryczová, M. Rabišková, V. Tomášek, A. Prokopová, L. Cepáková
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):235-242
Coated pellets controlling drug release are a very popular dosage form which is widely used in medical practice. At present the coatings of water-insoluble polymers formed from aqueous dispersions are preferred. However, film formation from an aqueous polymeric dispersion is different from that from their organic solutions. A stable film on the pellets surface is produced by coalesces of discrete latex particles at an optimum temperature. The present experimental paper studied the changes of diclofenac sodium dissolution profiles from coated pellets, when their coatings from an aqueous polymeric dispersion of ethyl cellulose were cured for different...
Mucoadhesive tablets for oral administration of ciclopiroxolamine
M. Kuna, M. Rabišková
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):243-248
Oral mucoadhesive tablets belong to modern dosage forms, which allow controlled drug release after buccal application. They are used for the treatment of oral cavity disorders or for systemic administration of drugs with high first-pass effect or drugs instable in gastrointestinal tract. This study reports the development of oral mucoadhesive tablets containing antimycotic drug ciclopiroxolamine. Mucoadhesive properties of placebo tablets containing different ratios of carbomer and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were evaluated in vivo in healthy human volunteers. The longest mucoadhesion for 9 hours was achieved in matrices containing 60 % (w/w) of carbomer....
Determination of valproic acid by on-line coupled capillary isotachophoresis with capillary zone electrophoresis with conductometric detection
L. Budáková, H. Brozmanová, F. Kvasnička, M. Grundmann
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):249-253
The paper aimed to test suitable conditions for the determination of VPA in serum using the ITPCZE method with conductometric detection. It attempted to find whether for the method described by Ölvecká et al. it is possible to use a similar procedure of sample preparation as for the gas chromatographic method which is routinely employed for the assessment of VPA in serum. A 200 rl sample of serum was extracted with 200 rl of acetone and after centrifugation 200 rl of the upper layer was withdrawn and supplemented with demineralized water to make 10 ml. When a microsyringe is used for dosing, consumptions of serum can be reduced up to 5 rl, which is...
Review articles
Oxidative stress and its role in respiratory diseases
M. Kottová, J. Pourová, M. Vopršalová
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):215-219
Insufficient elimination of free radicals can induce a number of harmful effects including a damage of important molecules, injury of genetic information and failure of the control and regulatory processes, and even may contribute to malignancy. Free radicals probably participate in various respiratory diseases (e.g. adult respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis, asthma). Antioxidants, as substances neutralizing effect of free radical, contribute to the protection of organism. Both many exogenous substances, e.g. enzymes, and exogenous substances, e.g. vitamins and some medicaments, have antioxidant...
Cytochrome P450 3A polymorphism and its importance in cyclosporine and tacrolimus therapy in transplanted patients
J. Ďuricová, M. Grundmann
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(5):220-224
The calcineurin inhibitors cyclosporine (CsA) and tacrolimus (Tac) are widely used in the prevention of acute rejection after solid organ transplantation. However, their clinical use is associated with many adverse reactions. The calcineurin inhibitors CsA and Tac have a narrow therapeutic index and show highly variable pharmacokinetics. The low CsA and Tac bioavailability has been attributed to interindividual differences in the expression of the metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A. The genes for CYP3A4 and 3A5 undergo genetic polymorphism. The results of many studies focusing on the impact of CYP 3A polymorphism on CsA and Tac pharmacokinetics...