Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2007 (vol. 56), issue 2
Original Articles
Risk of drug interactions and their possible solutions in the population of patients with inflammatory bowell disease
P. Červený, J. Vlček, M. Lukáš, M. Bortlík
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):77-84 
Concurrent use of several medicinal preparations is connected with an increased risk of the occurrence of drug interactions. This study analyzes the complete pharmacotherapy of 573 patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowell disease. An analysis of the medication of the cohort of patients tested identified potential drug interactions of all degrees of gravity. All drug interactions in the study were considered to be only potential, and therefore they are not known to cause any complications for the patient. An important factor in the process of revealing drug interaction may be the pharmacist during dispensation in a pharmacy. Pharmacist's expertise...
An orientational examination of the effects of extracts from mixtures of herbal drugs on selected renal functions
R. Masteiková, R. Klimas, B. B. Samura, A. Savickas, B. A. Samura, S. I. Belaij, I. B. Samura, M. Rabišková, Z. Chalupová, J. Bernatonienė
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):85-89
The paper aimed to determine the effects of mixtures of selected medicinal plants on some physiological renal functions, i.e. excretion of urine and electrolytes and changes in the quantity of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and kallikrein-kinins in rat blood plasma after water and salt load. The following medicinal plants were selected for the examination: downy birch (Betula pubescens EHRH.), everlasting flower (Helichrysum arenarium L. MOENCH.), hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha L.), woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca L.), sweet corn (Zea mays L.), German chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), and field horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.)....
Characterization of polyphenoloxidase from the latex of greater celandine (Chelidonium majus L.)
F. Bilka, M. Vanko, A. Balažová, A. Bílková, I. Holková
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):90-94
Greater celandine, similarly as other plants of the family Papaveraceae, produces benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, primarily benzophenanthridines. Polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is most probably involved in the formation of dopamine, which is one of the precursors of norcoclaurine, the first intermediate with the benzylisoquinoline structure. This study has revealed that PPO present in the latex of greater celandine is localized in the organelles, which serve to store alkaloids (the so-called 1000 g organelles). The enzyme was purified by means of affinity chromatography into electrophoretic homogeneity. It possesses a relative molecular mass of approximately...
Analysis of supplying situation in pharmacies II. Availability of medicaments and health appliances from the viewpoint of the patient
B. Macešková, V. Holubková
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):95-97
In two pharmacies a survey was carried out to find what medicaments and health appliances are not immediately available for dispensation on presenting a medical prescription or a voucher for a therapeutic or orthopaedic aid. The data for 2005 were subjected to frequency analysis. In pharmacy A (in a community of up to 400 000 inhabitants), mass-produced medicaments were ordered on presentation of 488 medical prescriptions, in pharmacy B (in a community of up to 10 000) it was 3 911 documents (prescriptions and vouchers). There exist no rules for ordering in the PC systems. The total value of ordered preparations in pharmacy A was 195 023.19 CZK (390...
Review articles
Hypericin and hyperforin: bioactive components of St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum) Their isolation, analysis and study of physiological effect
J. Vacek, B. Klejdus, V. Kubáň
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):62-66
St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is commonly accepted as a medicinal plant. The data on the physiological activities of the individual substances that are produced in different organs of H. perforatum are well known at present. The highest attention is focused on the characterization and phytochemical properties of hypericin and hyperforin. These organic compounds are used as antidepressant, anticarcinogenic (photodynamic), antimicrobial and virostatic agents. The review paper surveys the present knowledge of chemical and analytical methods for their identification and quantification, physiological activity, and pharmacological and biomedical...
Pellets preparation by the drug layering technique in a rotary processor
M. Švarcová, D. Vetchý
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):67-72
Pelletization by the layering technique can be carried out by applying a liquid (a drug solution or suspension) or a drug powder using either coating drums or a fluidized bed equipment. This technique is used particularly for the formulation of multiparticulate controlled release dosage forms. Application of a drug on inactive beads in a centrifugal fluid-bed equipment (a rotary processor) represents the up-to-date technique of pellets production. Pelletization by the tangential drug-layering process is a multivariate process, and it is important to identify as well as to control the process variables and conditions. The goal of this paper is to give...
Antioxidants, free radicals, mechanism of action and application in the therapy of the sulfur mustard caused injury
V. Kolečkář, E. Brojerová, L. Opletal, D. Jun, K. Kuča
Čes. slov. farm. 2007, 56(2):73-76
Antioxidants perform an important role in the maintenance of the integrity of the living organisms. Recently, great attention has been given to antioxidants by a reason of their medical use. It is due to the association of many human diseases with oxidative stress. The present study briefly surveys the types of antioxidants, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and describes the basic mechanisms of their activity. The application of antioxidants in the therapy of the injury caused by sulfur mustard, a vesicant type chemical warfare agent introduced in World War I, is also given.