Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2005 (vol. 54), issue 5
Original Articles
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour of the Population of the Czech Republic to Self-Medication III: Behaviour in the Area of Drugs and Self-Medication
L. Drhová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):211-218 
A large survey carried out from June to September 2002 in the territory of the Czech Republic found and analyzed the knowledge of the population of the Czech Republic in relation to self-medication and o-t-c drugs and revealed the main problematic areas from the viewpoint of the public. The survey was particularly focused on the behaviour of people in relation to packaging of OTC drugs and drug information sheets, expiration period of medicaments - advertisements for OTC drugs in the media, most frequently selected indications for selfmedication, self-medication in small children, financial participation in self-medication and the resultant compliance...
Price Development of Oral Contraceptives
I. Minarčíková
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):220-225
This paper aims to compare the price development of oral contraceptives registered in the territory of the Czech Republic from l January 2001 to 1 January 2005. By means of prospective analysis of minimal costs, elaborated from the viewpoint of the economist, in all oral contraceptives which were in the portfolio of Czech preparations in the period under study the average price of one tablet was calculated from the data in the lists of VZP (General Health Insurance Company). The obtained results were processed and statistically evaluated, and the price development was compared. In the period from 1 January 2001 to 1 January 2005 in the territory of...
Effect of Humectants on Pharmaceutical Availability and Rheological Properties of Cetirizine-Containing Hydrogels
Z. Capková, Z. Vitková, S. Uhrovská
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):226-230
The paper is concerned with the formulation of the antihistamine cetirizine into hydrogels. The cellulose derivatives hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and methylcellulose (MC) were employed to prepare hydrogels. As auxiliary substances from the group of humectants are indispensable components of hydrogels, the paper examines their effect (glycerol - GL, propylene glycol - PG, and sorbitol - SO) on the rheological properties and pharmaceutical availability of cetirizine in its formulation into hyrogel. The obtained results show that from the viewpoint of dermal administration for cetirizine at this stage of research hydrogels of the following composition...
Dimethindene Determination in Various Dosage Forms by Means of Capillary Isotachophoresis
P. Kubačák, P. Mikuš, I. Valášková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):231-234
Capillary isotachophoresis was employed to determine dimethindene in various dosage forms. Several electrolyte systems of varying compositions and varying pH were tested. For validation of the method and the determination of dimethindene in real samples (gel, drops, capsules), two electrolyte systems were selected. Precision, correctness, linearity, robustness, and selectivity of the ITP method were evaluated for both electrolyte systems. The pre-treatment of the sample prior to analysis consisted in dissolving and diluting the pertinent dosage form containing dimethindene with demineralized water to the required concentration. The sample adjusted...
A Study of Physicochemical Properties of 2-, 3-, 4-Alkoxyphenylcarbamic Acid Derivatives with a Substituted N-Phenylpiperazine Moiety in the Basic Part
I. Malík, E. Sedlárová, J. Čižmárik, F. Andriamainty, J. Csöllei
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):235-239
The paper presents the study of some physicochemical properties of 2-, 3-, 4-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid derivatives with various substituted N-phenylpiperazin-1-yl moiety in the basic part of the molecule. Elemental analysis, melting point, solubility, surface activity, dissociation constant and some lipophilicity parameters i.e. - partition coefficient, capacity factor obtained from HPLC, and RM values from reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography were determined.
Review articles
The Development of the Composition of Castellan's Solution
J. Šubert
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):199-200
Whereas in Germany the development of the composition of Castellan's solution resulted in its replacement with a solution of basic fuchsine alone, on the other hand in the Czech Republic fuchsine was excluded from the composition of the preparation. It is therefore desirable to evaluate the composition of Castellan's solution according to the Czech Pharmacopoeia and fuchsine from the viewpoint of the therapeutic benefits and risks of the individual active ingredients.
Blockers of β-Adrenergic Receptors - a Group of Chiral Agents Stereoselective Synthesis of β-Blockers
R. Čižmáriková, J. Valentová, A. J. Hutt, S. Sedláková
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):201-206
Besides chromatographic methods and biocatalyzed reactions, another alternative method of obtaining enantiomeric forms of ß-blockers is stereoselective synthesis. This paper links up with two preceding surveys concerning ß-blockers - groups of chiral agents and presents a survey of the hitherto published enantioselective syntheses of (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of β-blockers. In the group of arylaminoethanols, mainly selective reduction of prochiral ketones in the presence of metallic complexes is used in this type of synthesis. Enantiomerically pure ß-blockers of the aryloxyaminopropanol type are synthesized by means of a reaction of pertinent phenols...
Ouabain: from an Arrow Poison to a New Steroidal Hormone
P. Mučaji, M. Nagy, D. Grančai
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(5):207-210
For more than 200 years, cardiotonic glycosides have been used for the treatment of congestive heart failure. Ouabain is a well-known arrow poison obtained from different Acokanthera or Strophanthus species. Much information has now accumulated that this plant toxin and its congeners are mammalian steroid hormones involved in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases. There is an interesting fact that 50% patients with essential hypertension have elevated levels of endogenous ouabain. A better knowledge of the interactions of these compounds with the hormones of salt and water metabolism might help to improve the diagnosis and therapy of hypertension.