Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2005 (vol. 54), issue 2
Original Articles
Adsorption of Substances on Active Charcoal - Part 3: Stobadin Acylderivatives
M. Stankovičová, Ľ. Stráska, K. Záreczká, Ž. Bezáková, L. Beneš
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):60-64 
The paper studies the adsorption of nine stobadin acylderivatives on active charcoal. Freundlich model of adsorption was employed to evaluate the course of adsorption in dependence on the concentration of substances. At the same time, the dependence of adsorption on lipophilicity and structural parameters of substances was evaluated. The dependence of the amount of the adsorbed substance on time served for the calculation of the rate constant of the 1st order of adsorption process. These values correlate with the parameters characterizing the size of the molecule.
Dispensation during Pharmaceutical Stand-by Duty Service
J. Kolář, M. Cvengrošová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):65-69
The paper deals with the analysis of 24 694 medical prescriptions dispensed during pharmaceutical stand-by duty service within 12 months. 8072 medical prescriptions (32.7 %) were issued by first-aid medical service. 72.2 % of requirements for pharmaceutical stand-by duty service took place between 19.00 to 22.00. Patients under 20 requiring pharmaceutical stand-by duty service represented 37.8 %. One medical prescription issued by medical first-aid service included 1.8 packages of pharmaceutical preparations. Medical prescriptions issued by medical first-aid service to adults included altogether 529 different sorts of medicinal preparations, those...
Dispensing Care at the Dispensing Counter in the Conditions of a Czech Pharmacy
B. Macešková, H. Plevačová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):70-74
Evaluation of 108 cases when the pharmacist found a need to intervene into prescription verified the use of internationally employed system of classification of pharmaceutical interventions in the conditions of the Czech pharmacy of the basic type. The so-called dispensing care at the counter was provided by five participating pharmacists (out of seven working in the pharmacy) for a period of six months. The most frequently identified problems included: inappropriate use of medicaments - overdose, use at unsuitable time (28.7 %), a need to inform the patient (17.6 %), potentially ineffective therapy (12.9 %), drug interactions (7.4 %), suspected and...
Preformulation Studies of Potential Drug XIX M: Partition Coefficient
Z. Capková, Z. Vitková, J. Tilandyová, J. Čižmárik
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):75-77
The factors which markedly influence availability of the drug from the dosage form include also auxiliary substances, which are an inevitable component in the formulation of the drug. In the selection of auxiliary substances for a newly formulated drug, it is necessary to know that the drug is never a simple mixture of mutually independent ingredients, but a dynamic system in which various physical and chemical processes take place. The present paper aims to study the effect of auxiliary substances from the group of humectants with graded concentrations and the effect of the preservative on the partition coefficient of potential drug XIX M. Partition...
Arbutin, Salicin: The Possibilities of Their Biotechnological Production
J. Dušková, J. Dušek, L. Jahodář, F. Poustka
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):78-81
The paper aimed to transform exogenous precursors with in vitro cultures of Datura meteloides, Coronilla varia, Leuzea carthamoides and Schisandra chinensis. These cultures were added the precursors of arbutin and salicin (phenylalanine, cinnamic, p-coumaric, p-anisoic, o-coumaric, salicylic acids, salicylaldehyde, helicin), not yet tested by the present authors. The culture of Schisandra chinensis was also added, besides the above-mentioned precursors, hydroquinone, because this culture had not been employed for biotransformation purposes yet. The precursors tested were used in a concentration of 100 mg.l-1 and the period of their action...
Use of Dinitrophenols in Ion-Pair Extraction Spectrophotometry of Cationic Tensides
V. Kubíček
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):82-85
The application of 2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,6-dinitrophenol as reagents for a ion pair extraction spectrophotometry was tested. The ion pair extraction spectrophotometry experiments were carried out using a simplified procedure (test tube method). Four cationic tensides were used as model analytes. After the optimal conditions of the assay were being determined, the influence of the concentration excess of the reagents on the absorbance of the chloroform extract was investigated. Calibration curves were constructed; an estimation of limits of quantitation was performed and apparent molar absorption coefficients were determined. The obtained results...
Use of Capillary Isotachophoresis for the Determination o Pheniramine in Granulated Powders
P. Kubačák, P. Mikuš, I. Valášková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):86-89
The method of capillary isotachophoresis was used to assay pheniramine in granulated powders. Several electrolyte systems of different composition and different pH were tested. Two electrolyte systems were selected for the validation of the method and pheniramine determination in real samples. Precision, accuracy, linearity, robustness, and selectivity of the ITP method for both electrolyte systems were evaluated. The pre-treatment of samples prior to analysis consisted in dissolving pheniramine-containing granulated powder in demineralized water and subsequent diluting with demineralized water to required concentration.
Pharmacoeconomic Profile of Antibiotics Used in the Treatment of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Geriatric Patients
M. Wawruch, L. Božeková, S. Krčméry, K. Kozlíková, V. Foltán, M. Laššánová, M. Kriška
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):90-95
The paper aims to evaluate the pharmacoeconomic profile of antibiotics (ATB) used in the treatment of lower respiratory tract (LRT) infections and thus contribute to rationalization of therapeutic procedures. Of 2870 patients hospitalized at the Geriatric Clinic of the Medical Faculty of Comenius University from 1 January 1999 to 31 December 2001, 189 patients with acute infections of the LRT were included in the retrospective study. For pharmacoeconomic evaluation, cost effectiveness analysis was employed, the principal parameter of which, cost effectiveness coefficient, was the ratio of the price of ATB treatment in Slovak crowns (SK) and the criterion...
Effect of Polymer Concentration on Rheological Properties of Carbopol® 980 Hydrogels Containing Trimecainium Chloride
M. Šubová, Z. Vitková, E. Cirbusová, I. Erös, M. Kónya
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):96-99
Rheological properties exert influence on the manufacturing processes, stability and usability of a dosage form as well as the biological availability of an active ingredient. The present paper examines the effect of Carbopol® 980 concentration on rheological properties of hydrogels with and without trimecainium chloride for a period of 2, 7, and 14 days after their preparation. On the basis of an evaluation of the changes in structural viscosity in dependence on the period of measurement, it has been concluded that for formulation of trimecainium chloride to a dermal dosage form, Carbopol® 980 concentrations of 0.5 and...
Review articles
Pharmaceutical Hydrophilic Gels
Z. Chalupová, R. Masteiková, A. Savickas
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(2):55-59
From the pharmacopoeial standpoint, gels, together with ointments, creams, pastes, cataplasmata, and medicated plasters, rank among the group of topical semisolid preparations applied to the skin. They are bicoherent systems composed of the internal phase made of a polymer producing a coherent three-dimensional net-like structure, which fixes the liquid vehicle as the external phase. Intermolecular forces bind the molecules of the solvent to a polymeric net, thus decreasing the mobility of these molecules and producing a structured system with increased viscosity. The physical and chemical bonds binding the particles of the internal phase provide a...