Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2005 (vol. 54), issue 1
Original Articles
Adsorption of Substances on Active Charcoal Part 2: Basic Esters of Phenylcarbamic Acid with Beta-adrenolytic Effect
M. Stankovičová, Z. Zlevská, ®. Bezáková, P. Mokrý, J. Csöllei
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):23-28 
The paper is concerned with the study of adsorption on active charcoal in a set of selected substances from the group of aryloxyaminopropanol derivatives with carbamate substitution on the benzene ring with beta-adrenolytic effect (Group A) and a set of substances, derivatives of [(arylcarbonyl)oxy]aminopropanol with the identical, but assumed ultra-short effect (Group B), where the effect was produced by replacing the phenolether group with a metabolically unstable ester functional group. The course of adsorption in buffer solution with pH 7 in dependence on time and concentration is examined. Adsorptivity of substances is evaluated according to Freundlich...
Prescription and Structure of Formulation of Medicinal Preparations in a Pharmacy II
J. Kolář, J. ©vejdová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):29-33
The paper is concerned with the analysis of all medicinal preparations prepared extemporaneously in a pharmacy within 12 months (July 2002 through June 2003). The set under study comprised 5 260 preparations. Preparations were prescribed primarily by dermatologists, their share being 31.3 %. The expiratory period of the largest number of preparations (61.8 %) was one month. Of the total number of medicinal preparations, 76.1 % were prepared on medical prescriptions, 3.5 % on orders, and 20.4 % were sold over the counter. The average annual share of preparations in the total turnover was 2.3 %.
Analysis of Drugs Used in Out-Patient Practice of Veterinary Surgeons
J. Agelová, B. Maceąková
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):34-38
Both veterinary and human mass-produced medicinal preparations can by employed in the therapy of animals. Veterinary surgeons are allowed to dispense drugs right in their surgeries. Data were obtained by means of questionnaires from 11 respondents in the year 2002. Variability and consumption of mass-produced medicaments were evaluated in altogether 27 pharmacotherapeutic groups (17 groups were represented both in the assortment of veterinary and human brand products, 4 groups included only human brand products, and 6 groups were exclusively veterinary brand products). The greatest variability of human brand products prescribed in veterinary practice...
Power Law Equation and Liberation Kinetics
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):39-42
For the modelling of the kinetics of diffusion and relaxation in the polymer matrix, the power law equation in a two-parameter or three-parameter form is employed. The introductory part of the paper summarizes the employed varieties of the power law equation including the equation making it possible to distinguish diffusion from relaxation. The liberation kinetics of pilocarpinium chloride from lyophilized lamellae with graded amounts of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose is expressed by power law equations and their parameters are compared. The conclusion discusses the usability of the power law equation in the modelling of liberation of active ingredients...
Antilipoxygenase Activity and the Trace Elements Content of Aloe vera in Relation to the Therapeutical Effect
L. Bezáková, M. Obloľinský, M. Sýkorová, I. Paulíková, D. Koą»álová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):43-46
Aloe vera is a rich source of many natural-health-promoting substances. The results of contemporary research on animal models indicate that the extracts have an antiinflammatory property. In this work the results of some in vitro experiments are shown: determination of the inhibitory effect of the Aloe vera extracts on the activity of partially purified lipoxygenase from the rat lung cytosol fraction, and quantitative determination of the trace elements presented in the extract (Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn) carried out by using the x-ray fluorescence analysis. The findings could explain the inhibitory effect (antilipoxygenase activity) of the Aloe vera extract...
Effect of Manganese (II), Cobalt (II), and Nickel (II) Ions on the Growth and Production of Coumarins in the Suspension Culture of Angelica archangelica L.
T. Siatka, M. Kaąparová, H. Sklenářová, P. Solich
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):47-51
The plant cell reacts to an increased concentration of metals in the environment by various mechanisms. They include an increase in the formation of heat-shock proteins, metallothioneins, phytochelatins, amino acids (cysteine, histidine), organic acids (citric, malic), or secondary metabolites. The latter mechanism is being investigated for its possible use in explant cultures for the stimulation of secondary metabolism, which is the source of substances of pharmaceutical importance. The study tested manganese (II) (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mM in the medium), cobalt (II), and nickel (II) ions (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, and...
Review articles
In situ Gelling Polymers for Ophthalmic Drops
Z. ©klubalová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):4-10
One of the possibilities of how to optimize bioavailability of drugs after topical ophthalmic administration is prolongation of the period of contact of the preparation with the eye tissue. The most usual way of achieving this gaol is an increase in the viscosity of the preparation by an addition of a suitable auxiliary substance. At present besides hydrogels and mucoadhesive substances, also polymers which produce the sol-gel phase change are employed for this purpose. This so-called in situ gelation takes place in a very short period of time after contact with the eye tissue due to a change in temperature, pH, or interaction with physiological ions....
The Present and Future of Controlled Transport of the Drug into the Organism
Z. Vitková
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):11-16
The problems of the systems of controlled (and thus also targeted) transport of the drug into the organism is one of the burning questions of contemporary biogalenics. Various more or less successful solutions were elaborated and applied, beginning with the retardette via the so-called intelligent hydrogels to various automatically controlled implants. Modern microfluidic intelligent biomicrosystems, composed of mutually interconnected microtanks, microjets, micropumps, or microcylinders, are very promising. Anatural component of the complex biomicrosystem is a sensory subsystem for the collection of information from the bio-environment and a processor...
Enzymology of Production of Benzylisoquinoline Alkaloids
A. Bílková, F. Bilka, L. Bezáková
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(1):17-22
This review paper summarizes the current knowledge of enzymes participating in the production of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids. This group of alkaloids comprises, e.g., morphine, codeine, thebaine, and sanginarine, which have an irreplaceable position in pharmaceutical practice. For the time being, chemists have not managed to prepare them synthetically with sufficient efficacy, and therefore the study of the enzymology of their formation remains a topical problem. The paper pays particular attention to the knowledge of individual enzymes on the molecular, or gene level. This very knowledge is essential for possible introduction of molecular-genetic...