Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2001 (vol. 50), issue 2
Articles
Orphan Drugs
J. Kolář, M. Chalabala, H. Šrámková
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):59-65
The paper discusses the problems of orphan drugs from the standpoint of the attitude of state authorities in the USA, Japan, and particularly Europe (the European Union) to their definition and the formation of appropriate legislation - financial provision for the development, production, provision of exclusive sale rights - which warranties the availability of the drug to every patient suffering from a rare disease.
Silymarin, an Extract from Silybum marianum - a Drug or a Nutritional Supplement?
V. Šimánek, D. Walterová, J. Vičar, J. Urbaníková, V. Křen, M. Modrianský
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):66-69
Thanks to the new knowledge, there is an increase of interest in plant extracts in the developed countries, but their classification is, however, problematic. It is necessary to clearly define the borderline between a drug or a defined content of an individual active principle, and a nutritional supplement, which is freely on sale. The extract from the seeds of S. marianum of (ESM) shows biological effects corresponding to nutritional supplements, and it is therefore more logical to class ESM with this group and to investigate the pharmacological effects in its chemically defined components.
Viral Liver Diseases. Current Status of Therapy
L. Beneš
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):70-77
Viral liver diseases, particularly hepatitides of type B (HBV) and C (HCV) show an increasing trend,the number of infected people in the world being several hundred million people. With the exceptionof other forms (HAV, HDV, HEV, and HGV), where infectivity is also high, possible transmissionand infection in HBV and HCV are often independent of the affected person (blood transfusion,stomatological operations, surgery, etc.). Treatment of hepatitides not proceeding into a chronicstage is without any problems at the moment. In the case of HBV, besides chemical drugs whichare being developed, vaccination is available. Hepatitis C remains to be a problem...
Coenzyme Q and its Medical Implications
H. Rauchová, G. Lenaz
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):78-82
Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a lipophilic substituted benzoquinone, is present in all animal and plant cells.It is endogenously synthesised in tissues and involved in a variety of cellular processes. It is welldocumented that CoQ is an obligatory component of the respiratory chain in the inner mitochondrialmembrane coupled to ATP synthesis. However, its additional localisation in different subcellularfractions is probably associated with its multiple functions in the cell (as a part of extramitochondrialelectron transport chains, a powerful antioxidant agent or a membrane stabiliser). The actionsoutlined for CoQ can explain its broad range of therapeutic effects....
Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch in vitro
J. Dušková, J. Dušek, L. Jahodář
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):83-85
Sterile germinating plants were used to derive a tissue culture. The greatest stimulating effect on the growth of the culture was exerted by NAA cultures in all concentrations tested, by IAA inconcentrations of 1.0 and 10.0 mg.l-1, by IBA in a concentration of 0.1 mg.l-1, and by the combinationof IBA + K. The difference between the values of growth on these media was statistically insignificant. TLC analysis of callus extracts demonstrated the presence of bergenin, arbutin, hydroquinone, and methylarbutine. HPLC analysis confirmed the findings (arbutin 0.25 %, hydroquinone 0.05 %,methylarbutin 0.28 %). The results of biotransformation tests show that...
Study of the Kinetics of Hydrolysis of Stobadine Acyl Derivatives, the Prodrug Forms of Extinguishers of Free Oxygen Radicals. Part 3: Hydrolysis in Neutral Medium
M. Ondrášová, M. Stankovičová, Ž. Bezáková, L. Beneš
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):89-91
The pyridoindole derivative stobadin, [(-)-cis-2,8-dimetyl-2,3,4,4a,5,9b-hexahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3b]-indole] is a perspective antiarrhythmic, antihistamine, anaesthetic, antiulcerous drug capable of extinguishing free oxygen radical. Its prodrug forms - N(5) - acyl-substituted stobadine - of the active substance - stobadine - have been prepared and it is assumed that the will be hydrolyzed in the organism and the active substance will be released in higher concentrations in different biological tissues. The present paper is concerned with the investigation of the kinetics of the hydrolysis of 13 acyl derivatives of stobadine in the medium of a buffer...
Strength of the Compacts from Avicel PH 102 and Avicel PH 301 and the Influence on it Exerted by Magnesium Stearate
J. Mužíková
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):92-94
The paper evaluated the strength of compacts made of microcrystalline cellulose of two types usedas dry binders in the technology of direct compression of tablets, i.e. Avicel PH 102 and Avicel PH 301. The effect of three concentrations of the lubricant magnesium stearate (0.4; 0.8; 1.2 %) on the strength of tablets made from these substances was also evaluated. Tables were compressed using three forces of compression (3; 3.5, and 4 kN). On the basis of the obtained results it can be concluded that Avicel PH 102 provides, under identical forces of compression, stronger compacts than AvicelPH 301 does. It has been further found that a magnesium stearate...
Study of Relation Pharmaceutical Store and Chemistis Schops in the First Year's in the Independent Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1928)
M. Lisá
Čes. slov. farm. 2001, 50(2):95-99
Union of chemists exploited the disputes between pharmacists and legislators for its own prosperity.In 1780 the sale of natural drugs was permitted to the chemists for first time and the Trade Rules of 1856 (later amended) gave them a possibility of production, preparation and sale of poisons and medicaments, unless they were reserved for pharmacists only (§15, article 14). Among the firstfounders of chemist's shops belonged the pharmacists who could not establish their own pharmace-utical store due to lack of finance or complaints from their colleagues. The chemist's didn't have tofulfil the obligatory requirements for rooms and equipment, they...