Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2011 (vol. 60), issue 2

Original Articles

Generic substitution, replacement and substitution of drugs: contemporary extent

Božena Macešková, Renata Blechová, Eva Blahožová, Kateřina Hadámková

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):73-78

When dispensing the medication, the dispensing chemist should inform the patient about the possible alternatives to the medicament dispensed and, with his consent, he can replace it with another preparation of identical properties (a generic drug, a bioequivalent preparation) in case it is not forbidden by the physician. A replacement of the prescribed drug is performed in the case that the required preparation is not in stock and its immediate dispensation is necessary. The present paper compares the prices of generics and original preparations and the extent of replacements and substitutions. The method employed was an analysis of data about dispensation...

Study of local anaesthetics - Part 194. Evaluation of carbopol hydrogels with lidocaine

Zuzana Vitková, Petra Herdová, Jozef Čižmárik, Marián Žabka, Bronislava Brázdovičová, Katarína Bočkajová

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):79-83

The objective of this article is to describe the formulation and evaluation of dermal semisolid drugs - carbopol hydrogels containing the solution of Bukofit, zinc chloride and the local anaestethic lidocaine. The hydrogels were evaluated after 2, 7, 14 and 28 days after their preparation and stored at the temperature of 5 °C ± 0.2 °C. All prepared hydrogels were found to be stable with respect to pH values and rheological parameters. It follows from the found rheological parameters and flow curves that all evaluated hydrogels belong to non-Newtonian thixotropic systems. The extensometric analyses revealed increased deformation values, indicating...

Analytical evaluation of mono[{3-[4-(2-etoxyetoxy)-benzoyloxy]-2-hydroxypropyl}-isopropyl-ammonium]fumarate

Ivan Malík, Fils Andriamainty, Eva Sedlárová, Jozef Čižmárik, Jana Gališinová, Petr Mokrý, Jozef Csöllei, Janka Karlovská, Miloš Lukáč

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):84-93

The present paper deals with a complex spectral and physicochemical evaluation of mono[{3-[4--(2-etoxyetoxy)-benzoyloxy]-2-hydroxypropyl}-isopropylammonium]fumarate, a potential ultra-short acting ß₁-blocker. The identity of the substance under study (labelled as UPB-1) was confirmed by ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR spectra as well as IR spectrometry. The determined fundamental physicochemical characteristics included the determination of the melting point, solubility in a spectrum of solvents, verification of purity (adsorption thin-layer chromatography), determination of surface activity (Traube's stalagmometric method), acidobasic...

Review articles

Myasthenia gravis - current treatment standards and emerging drugs

Markéta Komlóová, Kamil Musílek, Kamil Kuča

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):47-53

Myasthenia gravis is very rare autoimmune disease of neuromuscular junction, which presents as a weakness and increased fatiquability of striated muscles. Formerly, myasthenia was largely constraining disease and often ended by death. Recently, advanced diagnostic methods and variety of therapeutic options allow the full compensation of the disease and the quality of patient life is restored. In this review, the methods used during the myasthenia treatment along with the description of the disease itself were detailed.

Pelletization of melts and liquids

Miloslava Rabišková

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):54-60

During the second half of the last century, pelletization methods based on wetting were developed, e.g. agglomeration in coating pans, pelletization plates or fluid-bed equipment, layering of the drug in solution or suspension on inactive spherical cores, extrusion/spheronization and later on also rotoagglomeration in rotogranulators or rotoprocessors. These technologies have become a requisite part of industrial production of solid dosage forms. At present, numerous experimental papers deal with pellet preparation from melts and liquids. These new pelletization methods are the topic of the present article. Pellet preparation from melts is represented...

Dyer's Greenweed (Genista tinctoria L.): constituents and biological activity

Lenka Tůmová, Jiří Tůma

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):61-64

The paper aims to specify all important active principles in the herb Genista tinctoria which exert different biological activities. It also mentions the methods of chemical evaluation of these substances.

Bacteriocins produced by lactic acid bacteria

Andrea Bilková, Hana Kiňová Sepová, František Bilka, Andrea Balažová

Čes. slov. farm. 2011, 60(2):65-72

Lactic acid bacteria comprise several genera of gram-positive bacteria that are known for the production of structurally different antimicrobial substances. Among them, bacteriocins are nowadays in the centre of scientific interest. Bacteriocins, proteinaceous antimicrobial substances, are produced ribosomally and have usually a narrow spectrum of bacterial growth inhibition. According to their structure and the target of their activity, they are divided into four classes, although there are some suggestions for a renewed classification. The most interesting and usable class are lantibiotics. They comprise the most widely commercially used and well...