Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2006 (vol. 55), issue 1
Original Articles
Consumption of Antiepileptics in 1993-2004 Using Various Methods
B. Kořístková, M. Grundmann
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):18-23 
Drug utilization expresses the exposition of a drug in the relationship with determined population, certain time period, and specific socioeconomic background. The aim of this study was to compare the antiepileptic drug utilization (N03A) in the Czech Republic (CR) and in Ostrava University Hospital (FNsP). The sources of the data were I) wholesale data (SUKL, CR), II) prescriptions (UZIS, CR), III) request forms (FNsP), IV) request forms for therapeutic drug monitoring (FNsP). The utilization was expressed in DDD/TID (I, II), or in DDD/100 BD in neurological departments (III) on 5th or 4th level, resp. ATC/DDD index 2001, for levetiracetam 2004. Carbamazepine...
Prophylactic Administration of Homoisoflavonoid in Ischemic-Reperfusion Damage of the Renal Tissue in the Laboratory Rat
L. Bartošíková, J. Nečas, V. Suchý, D. Jankovská, E. Janoštíková, T. Bartošík, J. Klusáková, T. Florian, M. Frydrych, P. Kollár, J. Krčmář, V. Strnadová, P. Fráňa
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):24-28
The study aimed to examine the antioxidizing effect of homoisoflavonoid in prophylactic administration under the conditions of renal ischemia-reperfusion in the laboratory rat. The pathological model for the in vivo experiment was unilateral renal ischemia-reperfusion of the laboratory rat. The animals were randomized into 5 groups. Homoisoflavonoid was administered to treated groups orally in doses of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg once a day in 0.5% Avicel solution. The placebo group received Avicel only, and the intact group was without medication and intervention. On day 15 of the experiment, renal tissue ischemia/reperfusion (60/10 mins) was induced in the...
Stabilization of Colouring of Castellani's Solution without Fuchsin Ph.B. MMII and Control of Its Efficacy
J. Šubert, M. Cieslarová
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):29-31
Disodium edetate in an amount of at least 0.01 % is an effective stabilizer of a low level of colouring of Castellani's solution without fuchsin Ph.B. MMII. Spectrophotometric measurement of colouring and expressing in numbers of colour differences ΔE* in the uniform colour space CIELAB from transmittance seem to be a suitable method of stabilization efficacy control of colouring of the preparation.
Separation of Dimetinden Enantiomers in Drugs by Means of Capillary Isotachophoresis
P. Kubačák, P. Mikuš, I. Valášková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):32-35
Capillary isotachophoresis was employed to separate and determine dimethinden enantiomers in various dosage forms. Several types of chiral selectors were tested in various electrolyte systems of different composition and different pH. The optimal leading electrolyte was composed of 10 mmol/l potassium acetate and acetic acid to achieve pH 4.8 with an addition of 4 mmol/l carboxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin as the chiral selector and 0.2 % of methylhydroxyethylcellulose (m-HEC) to suppress the electroosmotic flow. The terminating electrolyte was β-alanine of a concentration of 5 mmol/l. The evaluation included the precision, correctness, linearity,...
Prescription of Health Requisites to Patients
B. Macešková, J. Lipská
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):36-39
The survey included 3807 records (vouchers for therapeutic and orthopedic requisites) from five pharmacies of the basic type within six months. Health requisites were prescribed and issued to 1337 patients in a total number of 14 431 items, which represents 290 different kinds (codes) of health requisites. The most frequently prescribed items included: dressing materials, aids for incontinence, and requisites for diabetic patients. Health requisites prescribed in vouchers are dispensed to patients of all age categories, most of them being older than 50 years of age. The diagnoses, for which the health requisites are prescribed, are typical of the individual...
Effect of Ultrasound on the Production of Flavonoids by the Culture of Ononis arvensis L. in vitro
L. Tůmová, E. Skrbková, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):40-43
The paper tested the effect of ultrasound of output density of 0.1 W/cm3 (stable frequency, 35 kHz) on the production of flavonoids in the suspension culture of Ononis arvensis L. The use of this abiotic elicitor was proved good to increase the production of secondary substances (flavonoids) in the culture of Ononis arvensis L. in vitro. The maximal production of flavonoids began after a 1 min action of ultrasound and immediate withdrawal of the culture - an increase by 677 % in comparison with the control (without the action of ultrasound).
Explant Culture of Trifolium pratense L.
M. Kašparová, T. Siatka, J. Spilková, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):44-47
The red cloverl seems to be a prospective source of flavonoids and isoflavonoids with phytoestrogenic activity. Young seedlings of four different varieties of Trifolium pratense L. were employed to derive callus and suspension cultures. The optimal medium for cultivation is Gamborg's cultivating medium with an addition of 2 mg.l-1 of 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid and 2 mg.l-1 of 6-benzylaminopurine. On the basis of growth and production characteristics, subcultivating intervals of 29 to 43 days in callus culture and 16 to 23 days in suspension culture were determined. TLC and HPLC revealed that the explant culture of Trifolium...
Review articles
Natural Polymers in the Formulation of Hydrophilic Matrix Tablets
M. Sedláková, M. Rabišková, J. Spilková
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):4-11
Semisynthetic and synthetic polymers have found their use in the technology of hydrophilic matrix systems with controlled release of the active ingredient, in particular in oral administration. In the recent period, there is increased interest also in natural polymeric substances, whose advantage consists in safety, easy availability, and a relatively low price. They thus represent an interesting possibility to extend the selection of novel constitutive auxiliary substances. The present review paper surveys the most important natural polymers: alginans, carageens, Arabic gum, pectins, galactomanans, ispaghul, and xantan gum as potential carriers for...
Interconversion of Stereochemically Unstable Chiral Drugs: Utilization of Chromatographic Techniques for the Study of Enantiomerization Part II: Practical Applications
A. Fedurcová, J. Lehotay, J. Čižmárik
Čes. slov. farm. 2006, 55(1):12-17
Enantiomerization is a first-order reaction; it means interconversion of one enantiomer into another (and vice versa). This phenomenon is a typical feature of some configurationally unstable chiral compounds and it complicates separation of racemic mixtures. For the study of enantiomerization, chromatographic separation techniques (GC, SFC, CE, MEKC, HPLC) and NMR can be used. Chromatographic methods suitable for investigation of enantiomerization include dynamic chromatography (if time scales of enantiomerization and separation are the same) and stopped-flow chromatography (time scales of both processes are different). The present paper surveys the...