Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2004 (vol. 53), issue 2
Articles
ACE Inhibitors in the Therapy of Ventricular Dysfunction after Cardiotoxic Cytostatics
B. Mladosievičová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):55-60
Morbidity and mortality resulting from cardiotoxic complications of anticancer therapy is stillunacceptably high. Despite advances in the understanding of the pathomechanisms of cardiotoxicity,in prevention and detection of these complications, progressive ventricular dysfunction in cancersurvivors represents a great therapeutic problem. Ventricular dysfunction is a life-threateningcomplication particularly in patients treated with anthracycline cytostatics. Anthracycline-inducedloss of myocytes leads to an inadequate ventricular hypertrophy, which produces a rise in leftventricular (LV) afterload and deterioration of ventricular contractility culminating...
Electromigration Analytical Methods in the Quality Control of Pharmacopoeial HerbalDrugs
I. Petriška, M. Polášek
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):61-66
The present review paper surveys published electromigration methods for the determination ofactive substances occurring in plant drugs officinal in ČL 97. The review involves the electrophoreticmethods (CZE) that were used for the separation of different natural compounds including flavonoids, phenolic glycosides, anthraglycosides, cardiac glycosides, alkaloids, organic acids, aminoacids, polypeptides, and proteins. The advantages and drawbacks of CZE methods relative to corresponding HPLC techniques are also discussed.
Statistical Aspects of Drug Dosing in Random Powder Mixtures
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):67-72
The precision of dosing of powder drugs in piece dosage forms can be theoretically forecast by meansof statistical principles of variability of random mixtures, the use of which for this purpose has beentraditionally examined. The present critical review of the literature of the subject is primarilyfocused on random mixing of powder mixtures, their homogenity, volume dosing, and the use ofa correlogram in the examination of nonrandom and segregated mixtures. The knowledge is usefulboth for the selection of a suitable particle size and for the verification of suitability of the employedparameters of mixing and the technological processing of the obtained...
Biological Availability of Ophthalmic Preparations. I. Increased Penetrability of theActive Ingredient Through the Cornea
R. Masteiková, Z. Chalupová, N. Savickiene
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):73-79
Most eye diseases are treated by topical administration of ophthalmic preparations. Low ophthalmicbioavailability is due to a number of physiological and physicochemical factors. The main obstacleto the penetration of active ingredients to the eye is the layered character of the cornea. Formulationof ophthalmic preparations enabling easier penetration of this biological barrier thus ranks amongthe most effective ways of improving bioavailability. Penetrability of the cornea can be increased bythe following methods: a) adjustment of the actual acidity in such a way that pH of the preparationmakes it possible to produce the optimal portion of non-ionized...
Testing the Bradycardiac Effect of Newly Synthesized Potential Ultrashort Beta--Blockers on the Laboratory Rat
L. Bartošová, M. Frydrych, P. Mokrý, V. Brunclík, M. Bahníková
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):80-84
With the use of normotensive laboratory Wistar strain rats, changes in heart rate induced by threenewly synthesized potential ultrashort beta-blockers were tested. The animals were administeredthe tested substances intravenously in general anesthesia. In all animals, heart rate was measuredat predetermined time intervals. All obtained values were converted into the per cents of the heartrate deviation and the results were statistically processed. Using F-test, variability of dispersionwas determined, and using Student t-test, statistical significance of the particular change wasdetermined. In all three substances tested, a statistically demonstrable...
Catalytic Activity of Butyrylcholinesterase in Biodegradation of Organic AmmoniumSalts in vitro
I. Paulíková, O. Helia, F. Devínsky
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):85-88
Organicammoniumsalts of N-(2-benzoyloxyethyl)-alkyldimethylammonium bromide (BCHn-1) typeare formed by the homological seriesAr-COO(CH2)2-N+(CH3)2CnH2a+1.Br-,whose structure containsa biodegradably labile ester bond, on the basis of which they rank among disinfectants andantiseptics of soft character. They are preferentially biotransformed hydrolytically to producebenzoic acid and substituted choline. The rapidity of enzymatic hydrolysis depends on the chemicalstructure (the length of the aliphatic chain on theammoniumnitrogen), it increases up to thenumberof 10 nitrogens of the aliphatic chain, and it rapidly decreases with further prolongation. The...
Simultaneous Determination of Dioxopromethazine and Phenylephrine in Eye Drops Using Capillary Isotachophoresis
P. Kubačák, I. Valášková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):89-92
Dioxopromethazine and phenylephrine were determined simultaneously in eye drops using themethod of capillary isotachophoresis. Two elektrolyte systems with different compositions and pHwere examinated. Prior to analysis, the eye drops are diluted with water in a ratio 1:50. Precision,correctness, linearity, robustness, and selectivity of the ITP method were evaluated for bothelectrolyte sytems.
The in vitro Reactivation of O-Isopropylmethylfluorophosphonate - Inhibited Acetylcholinesteraseby Bisquaternary Oxime HS-6
K. Kuča, J. Cabal
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):93-95
The ability of the oxime HS-6 [1-(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-3-(4-carbamoylpyridinium)-2--oxa-propane dichloride] to reactive in vitro the enzyme acetylcholinesterase inhibited by the nerveagent sarin [O-isopropylmethylfluorophosphonate] was evaluated. The reactivators 2-PAM [2-hydroxyiminomethyl-1-methylpyridinium chloride], toxogonin [1,3-bis(4-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)-2-oxa-propane dichloride] and H-oxime HI-6 [1-(2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium)--3-(4-carbamoylpyridinium)-2-oxa-propane dichloride] were chosen for comparison. The oxime HS-6was an effective reactivator of sarin-inhibited AChE. It is not as effective as the H-oxime HI-6,...
Effect of Auxiliary Substances on the Physicochemical Indices of the Solutions of Substance XXII B
Z. Vitková, K. Gardavská, M. Šubová, E. Cirbusová, M. Mišeková
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):96-98
Within a study of optimization of auxiliary substances in the formulation of a hydrogel containinga potential local anaesthetic agent, substance XXII B, the paper evaluated the effect of a preservative(Ajatin) and humectants (glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol) on selected physicochemicalindices, which included the partition coefficient, surface tension, and viscosity of the solutions ofpotential drug XXII B. On the basis of the statistical evaluation of the results, the optimalcombination of auxiliary substances in this case seems to be Ajatin + glycerol.
Slovak Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry
J. Heger
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(2):99-102
The paper describes the beginnings of Slovak nomenclature of organic compounds and the applicationof CNOC IUPAC rules in the Slovak language, comparing the different conditions of the originof national nomenclature in the Czech and Slovak parts of former Czechoslovakia.