Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2004 (vol. 53), issue 1
Articles
Beta-Adrenergic Receptor Blockers - a Group of Chiral Drugs: Enantioseparation in theGroup of β-Blockers
R. Čižmáriková, J. Valentová, J. A. Hutta
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):9-17
The preparation of pure individual enantiomers represents a topical problem from the standpointof efficacy and safety of drugs. This paper continues in the prececding review of the blockers ofβ-adrenergic receptors as a group of chiral drugs, which is concerned with different pharmacodynamic,pharmacokinetic, and toxicological effects of individual enantiomers of this group. The reviewpaper pays attention to the problems of enantioseparation of this group of chiral drugs, listingindividual examples of the methods of enantioseparation, such as crystallization, biocatalysis,chromatographic methods (HPLC, GC, TLC), capillary electrophoresis, and the...
Caspases - a Target of Intervention in the Diseases That Are Still Difficult to Treat
L. Beneš, M. Benešová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):18-26
The central role in apoptosis, which is a precondition of the normal development of the organism,as played by caspases, a family of highly specific cystein proteases. Caspases released from procaspasesin a certain surplus induce apoptosis, with simultaneous cleavage of some cellular proteinsessential for cellular growth. Caspase activity (initiative or effector one) is the resultant and finalphysiological as well as pathological stimulus, in which impairment of the cell membranes, functionof mitochondria and other organelles, and also DNA takes place. The interest is focused on caspasesinhibitors, which could influence, at some stages, some diseases...
Effect of Plasticizers of the Triester Glycerol Type on the Release of Albumin from Biodegradable Polymer Matrices
I. Kladníčková, T. Klein, M. Dittrich
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):27-30
Bovine serum albumin was heterogeneously dispersed in the terpolymer of DL-lactic acid, glycolicacid, and mannitol. The terpolymeric carrier was plasticized by triacetin, tributyrin, or a mixture oftriacetin with tricaprylin.Matrices were prepared by mixing a melt of the carrier with the plasticizerand albumin. Liberation was tested in 1/15 mol.l-1 phosphate buffer pH 7.4 and took place in twostages - the burst and the stage of the continual process. The burst represented 30 % to 90 % ofliberated albumin. The second, continual stage began on day 4 of liberation and within ten daysmaximally 10 % of the total amount of albumin was released. The course...
Effect of a Dose of Acetylcholinesterase Reactivators on Their Efficiency in the Therapy of Tabun Poisoning in Mice
J. Kassa
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):31-34
The therapeutic efficacy of selected reactivators of acetylcholinesterase (obidoxime, oxime HI-6,trimedoxime) against acute tabun poisoning in dependence on their dose was examined in experimentson male mice. A comparison of the values of the medium lethal dose (LD50) of tabun in theintoxication influenced by an antidote therapy consisting of atropin and some of the oximes testedrevealed that in all three oximes under study their dose markedly influenced their effect.The highestefficacywas always achieved when oximes were administered in the maximal therapeutic dose (20 %of LD50). It follows from the comparison of the efficacy of equieffective doses...
Selection of the Extraction Agent and the Elaboration of the Technology of the Production of an Extract with a Sedative Effect
A. Savickas, K. Ramanauskiene, N. Savickiene, S. Kazlauskas, R. Masteiková, Z. Chalupová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):35-38
The drugsValerinae radix, Crataegi fructus,Leonuri herba and Melissae folium were used to producea liquid plant extract. The experiment revealed that the extraction with 70% ethanol achieved thehighest concentration of extractable active principles. The optimal conditions for obtaining a sedativeextract are established when the method of repercolation is used, and in the production itselfthe batch of the drug is divided into equally large doses and a pre-prepared mixture of plant drugsis extracted. The extract prepared by this manner remains stable for the whole period of storage,i.e., 24 months.
Leonurus cardiaca in vitro
J. Dušková, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):39-41
Segments of sterile germinating plants were used to derive the tissue culture. Tests of the optimalhormonal composition of the medium from the standpoint of the growth of cultures revealed thatthe highest growth in biomass was achieved in the medium with an addition of 2.4-D (0.1, 1.0mg.l-1),NAA (10.0 mg.l-1), and a combination of IAA (1.0 mg.l-1) + K (1.0 mg.l-1). The difference betweenthese valueswas statistically insignificant.Other tested concentrations of growth regulators showed statistically significantly lower increases. The effects of different types of growth regulators andtheir concentrations on the production of selected metabolites in...
Analytical Evaluation of Potential Nootropic Agents
R. Opatřilová, P. Sokolová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):42-46
The paper deals with analytical evaluation of newly prepared substances, derivatives of N-(4-alkoxy-phenyl)-2-(2-oxo-azepan-1-yl)-acetamide. The substances are a homological series (methyl- to hexyl-). The purity of the substances was verified by thin-layer adsorption chromatography, and theprincipal physical characteristics - melting point and solubility - were determined. Experimentaldetermination of the partition coefficient, extraction of the substances between two liquids miscibleto a limited degree (n-octanol - water), determination of RM values by means of TLC partitionchromatography (glass plates DC-Fertigplatten® RP-8 F254S), determination...
Š. K. Zeidler (1620-1989) on Drugs
P. Drábek
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(1):47-50
In 1987, Š. K. Zeidler, professor of the Faculty of Medicine in Prague, published his textbook on the fundamentals of medicine entitled Institutiones Medicae. About one third of it deals with drugs containing prevalently substances of plant origin. Besides theoretical problems solved under the influence of humoral pathology, Zeidler also discusses practical issues. For example, he describes thirty-eight dosage forms with examples of medical prescriptions. Great attention is also paid to dosages of medicinal preparatinos.