Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2003 (vol. 52), issue 3
Articles
Fifty Years of the Research Institute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry
J. Trčka
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):107-114
After the nationalization of pharmaceutical industry and establishment of the United PharmaceuticalEnterprises in 1946, the Research and Control Institute (VKÚ) was established in Prague in1947 to support the development of research, manufacture, and control of drugs. After othermeasures of nationalization and unification of research, in 1951 the research sections of the VKÚand the pharmaceutical sections of the Research Institute of ČCHZ were fused to form the ResearchInstitute for Pharmacy and Biochemistry (VÚFB). The section the VÚFB taking care of the qualityof production was transformed into the Pharmaceutical Control Institute (KÚF). Each of...
Two-Phase Semisolid Hydrophilic Systems - Hydrocreams
Z. Chalupová, R. Masteiková
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):115-118
Production of a drug of good quality in the form of a hydrocream presents a wide set of complexproblems. Hydrocreams as emulsions of the o/w type form a structured system which consists of atleast three phases, the dispersed, crystalline hydrated, and crystalline gel one. The loading operationsof manufacturing procedures can negatively affect both the individual components and thecomplex structure of the hydrocream. Due attention must thus be paid to the formulation studywhich togetherwith the conditions ofmanufacture will ensure the production of a drug with requiredquality indices.
Chiral Separations of Some Drugs on the Basis of Macrocyclic Antibiotics in HPLC, SFCand CEC
J. Ďungelová, J. Lehotay, T. Rojkovičová, J. Čižmárik
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):119-125
Separation of enantiomers by means of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), supercriticalfluid chromatography (SFC),and capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is of great importancein pharmaceutical analyses. In recent years, separation of various types of racemates employs mostfrequently chiral stationary phases based on macrocyclic antibiotics. This class of chiral selectorsincludes vancomycin, teikoplanin, ristocetin A, teikoplanin without saccharide components, avoparcin,etc.The reviewpaper describes the properties of selected antibiotics, the effect of chromato-graphicconditions on enantioselectivity (effect of the composition of the mobile...
Chemoprotective Agents of Natural Origin
K. Lunerová, D. Veselá, R. Kubínová, V. Suchý
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):126-130
The fate of xenobiotics in the organism and their toxic or therapeutic influence have been underintensive investigation in recent years. The compounds are searched for which affect as preventiveagents cancerogenesis and other disorders caused by procancerogens and pro-mutagens from theenvironment. The main focus is on the compounds able to modulate the activity of enzymes of theIst and IInd phase of xenobiotic detoxication or compounds with antioxidative activity. In the followingreview,comopunds of natural origin are presented which possess an ability tomodulate the processesconnected with detoxication of xenobiotics. These compounds. could be usable...
Influencing Pseudoplastic Hydrogel by an Addition of Pilocarpinium Chloride
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):131-135
Colloidal aqueous dispersions of 2 to 5 % (weight) of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HMPC 4000)yield pseudoplastic mucilages and gels. Rotational viscosimetry in the cone-plate arrangementenables rapid and reproducible evaluation of the transitional region between pseudoplastic andplastic deformation, characterized by Herschel-Bulkley equation. To the traditional Ostwald'stwo-parameter relationship it adds a third one, revealing a deviation from the beginning of thecoordinates of the rheogram caused by the limiting yield stress. The obtained equations make itpossible not only to estimate apparent and real viscosity, but also the area under the curve...
TLC and HPLC Separation of Positional Isomers of Alkylesters of 2-, 3-, 4- {2-Hydroxy-3--[(4-diphenylmethyl)piperazine-1-yl]propoxy}phenylcarbamic Acid and Their Lipo-HydrophilicProperties
R. Opatřilová, M. Blešová, J. Csöllei
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):136-140
The paper deals with chromatographic separations of newly prepared substances, aryloxyaminopropanol derivatives. The derivatives represent three homological series of four carbons and four groups of positional isomers (methyl- to butyl- in positions 2-, 3-, and 4-). Thin-layer adsorption chromatography employed the foil Silufol® UV 254 as the stationary phase and partition chromatography, commercially produced glass plates DC Fertigplatten MERCK RP-8 F254 S. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to separate positional isomers on the column SupelkosilTMABZ+PLUS. The mobile phase was methanol and acetonitrile in graded rations with water...
Effect of Disinfectants on Surface Hydrophobicity and Motility of Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium DT104
Ľ. Majtánová, V. Majtán
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):141-147
The paper evaluated antibacterial efficacy of 12 disinfectants on the basis of quaternary ammoniumcompounds (KAZ) on the isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium of the definitive phagetype 104 (DT104). One isolate - 5551/99 - represented the multiresistant phenotype, resistant toampicillin (A), chloramphenicol (C), streptomycin (S), and tetracycline (T). The second isolate -577/99 - was sensitive to all antibiotics tested. The present study further examined the capabilityof sub-MIC concentrations of disinfectants to intervene into surface hydrophobicity and motility ofthe strains tested.The results showed that all disinfectants under study...
The Effect of Jasminic Acid on the Production of Anthracene Derivatives in the Culture of Rheum palmatum L. in vitro
M. Kašparová, T. Siatka, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):148-151
The process of elicitation makes use of the capacity of plants and plant cells cultivated in vitro toreact to various stress stimuli by a number of protective reactions leading to increased accumulationof secondary metabolites. The endogenic signal substances of plant protective reactions includejasminic acid, which in the case of exogenous application also acts as an elicitor. The paper examinedthe effect of four concentrations of jasminic acid on the production of anthracene derivatives bya three-year-old tissue culture, which was derived from the roots of a two-year-old intact plantRheum palmatum L. (Polygonaceae). The culture was cultivated on...
Jaroslav Hladík, a Czech Pharmaceutic Historian in Jubilee Appraisal
H. Žáček, V. Rusek
Čes. slov. farm. 2003, 52(3):152-154
Jaroslav Hladík, who on 12. April 2003 would reach the age of 100 years, started his professionalcareer as a pharmacist in different pharmacies, but after certain period of interim activities hebecame a university teacher Associate Professor for Pharmaceutical History, founded a pharmaceuticalmuseum, published papers on pharmaceutical history, laid the foundations of a centralizedpharmaceutical book collections, etc.Hewas successfully active in several pharmaceutical universityinstitutions in Prague, Brno, and Bratislava. Pharmaceutical history remained his hobby until hisdeath on 1. August 1975. He is remembered as a great positive personality of...