The evaluation of the prevalence of constipation at the Centre of clinical gerontology

Pavla Pančevová, Martin Vodička, Karel Vašut, Milan Forejtar

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):78-81 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2016.014  

Constipation is a disease which increases in the senior population and is a common complication for hospitalised patients. Among the risk factors are age, female gender, immobility, diet, fluid intake and polypharmacotherapy. The aim of the study was to analyse the prevalence of constipation according to the used drugs and known risk factors in a population with a high prevalence of constipation. In the department of clinical gerontology, observational prevalence point study was performed using a questionnaire involving 100 patients based on the patient's subjective perception of constipation. Prevalence of constipation was determined according to...

Potential immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory mechanisms of probiotics

Andrea Bilková, František Bilka, Hana Kiňová Sepová

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):43-51 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2016.010  

The number of preclinical and clinical studies showing efficacy of probiotics in the treatment and prophylaxis of certain diseases, e.g. diarrhoea of various origin, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, hypercholesterolemia, bacterial vaginosis, and colorectal cancer, is increasing. These health benefits are often species and strain specific. This article provides an overview of available knowledge about the supposed mechanisms of probiotic microorganism's action focusing in particular on the interaction between probiotic and host cells. One of the results of this interaction is induction of pro- or anti-inflammatory...

Mice lacking individual molecular forms of cholinesterases

Matej Kučera, Anna Hrabovská

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):52-63 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2016.011  

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) represent a small family of enzymes called cholinesterases. These enzymes are in the organisms either soluble or anchored through anchoring proteins collagen Q (ColQ) and proline-rich membrane anchor (PRiMA). Knowledge of molecular biology and genetics of cholinesterase and their anchoring proteins resulted in the preparation of mutant mice with the absence of different molecular forms of cholinesterases. So far a number of mutant mice were prepared with a genetic modification on the genes encoding cholinesterases or anchoring proteins. The mice with mutation in the genes encoding the cholinesterases...

Oral adverse drug reactions in various medications

Ludmila Kameníková, Hassan Farghali

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):64-69 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2016.012  

The goal of the article is to emphasize the fact that adverse drug effects which are manifested in the oral cavity are exhibited in two ways. This may occur either after a direct application of the preparation used in dental practice, or due to the application of the drug for nondental purpose. That is why the adverse effects of medicines prescribed by various clinical specialists should be considered by stomatologists in their own clinical practice. Examples are reported of some serious drug adverse effects manifested on the oral mucous membrane and gum. Attention is paid to the classes which reveal adverse reactions after applications as local anaesthetics,...

Phenolic compounds of the genus Iris plants (Iridaceae)

Olga O. Mykchailenko, Vladimir M. Kovalyov

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):70-77 | DOI: 10.36290/csf.2016.013  

This article presents the results of testing of phenolic compounds (flavonoids, isoflavonoids, xanthones, phenolcarboxylic acids, tannins, coumarins, etc.) in the rhizomes of four Iris species (Iris sibirica L., Iris pseudacorus L., Iris imbricatа Lindl., Iris hungarica Waldst. et Kit.). With the use of paper and thin-layer chromatography, fifteen phenolic compounds were identified: gallic, coumaric, cinnamic, chlorogenic, neochlorogenic, ferulic, caffeic acids; kaempferol, quercetin, hispidulin, daidzein, genistein, formononetin, mangiferin and isomangiferin. Quantitative contents of flavonoids (1.2-3.7%),...

Bartunek A. Dejiny slovenského lekárnictva I, 10. storočie až 1918

J. Čižmárik

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):84  

Zemřel doc. RNDr. PhMr. Václav Rusek, CSc. (25. února 1928 - 30. ledna 2016)

J. Babica, L. Svatoš

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):83  

Výbor Slovenskej farmaceutickej spoločnosti na roky 2016-2020

J. Čižmárik

Čes. slov. farm. 2016, 65(2):82