Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2005 (vol. 54), issue 3
Original Articles
Pre-Formulation Studies of the H1-Antihistamine Loratadine for a Topical Dosage Form
Z. Capková, Z. Vitková, V. Vysokaiová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):109-113 
The paper focuses on the formulation of the antihistamine loratadine for hydrogels. In the first stage of this study, the evaluated polymer for the preparation of hydrogels was Carbopol® 980 of concentrations of 0.5, 0.8, and 1.0 %. The paper aimed to determine the optimal concentration of Carbopol® 980 in hydrogel formulation on the basis of the evaluation of the rheological properties and biological availability of loratadine from prepared hydrogels. The results of the study show 0.5% hydrogel of Carbopol® 980 to be optimal for loratadine from the standpoint of topical administration.
Antioxidative Activity of Some Over-the-Counter Plant Extracts
J. Muselík, P. Hytych, M. Žemlička
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):114-117
The recent years again saw increased interest of the public in the use of traditional natural remedies, such as plant extracts, for the treatment and prevention of diseases. This paper evaluates the antioxidative activity and content of phenolic substances of selected plant extracts from medicinal herbs, sold as dietary supplements with therapeutic effects. Using the production of 3-nitrotyrosine as the marker, the effects of extracts on the inhibition of peroxynitrite-induced nitration of tyrosine was examined, and the results were compared with the ability to extinguish the stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). A linear correlation...
A Study of the Properties of Compacts from a Mixed Dry Binder on the Base of α-Lactose Monohydrate and Microcrystalline Cellulose
J. Mužíková, L. Páleník
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):118-122
The paper studies the tensile strength and disintegration time of compacts from the mixed dry binder Microce-Lac®100. Tensile strength and disintegration time of tablets were tested in connection with the following factors: compression force, compression rate, addition of magnesium stearate, addition of ascorbic acid, the model active principle. The compression forces employed were 5, 6, and 7 kN, compression rates, 20 and 40 mm/min, stearate concentration 0, 0.4, and 0.8%, ascorbic acid concentration, 25 and 50%. With increasing addition of the stearate, the strength of compacts from MicroceLacu100 was decreased for both compression...
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviour of the Population of the Czech Republic to Self-Medication I: Knowledge of and Information on Drugs
L. Drhová
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):123-129
A large survey carried out from June to September 2002 in the territory of the Czech Republic found and analyzed the knowledge of the population of the Czech Republic in relation to self-medication and o-t-c drugs and revealed the main problematic areas from the viewpoint of the public. The survey was particularly focused on the comprehensibility of information in drug information sheets, potential habit-formation, possible misuse and overdose of o-t-c drugs, safety of natural remedies, and possible interactions between o-t-c and prescription drugs. It is obvious that people continue to be afraid of possible undesirable effects of drugs. More than...
Comparison of the Consumption of Antiepileptic Drugs in the Czech Republic, Scandinavia, and Australia
B. Kořístková, M. Grundmann
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):130-136
Long-term trends in utilization of antiepileptic drugs expressed in DDD/TID according to the 4th ATC level were studied. Wholesale data recorded from statistical yearbooks and the database of the State Institute for Drug Control (SUKL) were the source of data. The correlation between trends in the Czech Republic (CR) and the other countries was studied. The utilization was expressed in DDD/1000 inhabitants and day (DDD/TID). The lowest utilization of antiepileptics was in the Czech Republic, while highest in Norway (until 1994) and Finland (from 1995). The utilization of barbiturates is decreasing. The highest one was in Norway and CR. Hydantoins were...
Solubilization and Complexation of the Antileukotrienic Drug Quinlukast in Aqueous Solutions of Cyclodextrins
F. Kopecký, B. Kopecká
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):137-140
Solubility of the new antileukotrienic drug quinlukast (4-{[4-(2-quinolylmethoxy)phenyl]sulfanyl}benzoic acid) was determined in water and in aqueous solutions of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD, average degree of substitution 0.8), and methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD, average degree of substitution 1.8). The determined solubility of quinlukast in water was 0.081±0.008 mmol/l (3.12± 0.30 mg/100ml) and only an insignificant increase in quinlukast solubility was observed in aqueous solutions of β-CD. However, three well soluble cyclodextrins...
Xanthium spinosum L. - a Phytochemical Study
J. Klečáková-Karlíčková, L. Jahodář
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):141-144
The paper deals with the isolation of the constituents of Xanthium spinosum L. and the determination of its biological activity (toxicity). The taxon which is found also in our flora has not been studied from this aspect yet. The used methodology is of a bioassay-guided separation character. The Tubifex tubifex test (TT test) served as the basic biological test. From the methanol extract of the aerial part, ent-kaurane diterpene atractyloside was isolated, from the acetone extract of the aerial part, xanthumin and deacetylxanthumin, two derivatives of xanthanolides - sesquiterpene lactones, were isolated, and from the ethanol extract, phytosterols...
Optimization of Isolation of Inulin from Cichorium intybus L. and Some of Its Uses in Social Practice
J. Augustín
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):145-150
The study is concerned with the technological processing of chicory Cichorium intybus in order to isolate the fructan polysaccharide inulin (C6H10O5) and the optimization of the individual production steps of extraction (the method of purification of the raw material prior to the extraction itself and purification of the final product, temperature of the extraction mixture, exposure period of the extraction agent, effect of pH, optimization of the module for the determination of the most suitable volume of the extraction agent, determination of the most suitable ratio of the volume of ethanol in the extraction of inulin...
Effect of Vanadyl (IV) Sulfate (VOSO4) on the Production of Flavonoids by the Culture Ononis arvensis L. in vitro
L. Tůmová, R. Skálová, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):151-154
The study tested the effect of vanadyl (IV) sulfate (VOSO4) on the production of flavonoids in the callus and suspension culture of Ononis arvensis L. (Fabaceae). This substance proved to be a good abiotic elicitor for an increase in the production of secondary substances (flavonoids) in the culture of Ononis arvensis L. in vitro. The maximal increase in the formation of flavonoids took place in the callus culture after 24-hour elicitation with VOSO4 in a concentration of 1.227 .10-4 mol/l by 313 % in comparison with the control and in the suspension culture in a concentration of 1.227 .10-6 mol/l after 48-hour action of the elicitor...
Review articles
Novel Perspective Approaches to the Therapy of Dyslipidaemias
A. Adameová, M. Kuželová, P. Švec
Čes. slov. farm. 2005, 54(3):103-108
Elevated lipid concentration is an important risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. Morbidity and mortality of these diseases are decreased by the reduction of lipid levels. Statins have significantly contributed to the improvement of cardiovascular diseases therapy and have been the most potent of the currently available lipid-modifying therapies so far. Intolerance, possible adverse events, and a failure to achieve target lipid levels may limit their use in some patients. This is also the reason for the development of new hypolipidemics. This paper deals with new potential hypolipidemic drugs which influence the fate of cholesterol in the organism...