Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2004 (vol. 53), issue 4
Articles
Pharmacological Aspects of Lyme Borreliosis
J. Dvořáková, V. Celer
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):159-164
Clinical signs of Lyme boreliosis in humans are versatile and in their whole scope they finally affectthe nervous system, heart, and joints. The therapeutic effect of antibiotics is maximal in the firstacute stage of the disease when doxycycline and amoxiciline are administered. These antibioticspossess a comparable in vitro effect, tissue penetration, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic effect.The treatment of disseminated infections in the second stage, such as neuroborreliosis, carditis, andiritis, is difficult and with relative success they are treated with large doses of penicillin G, orcefriaxon, and doxycycline. The treatment of the third stage...
Interactive Powder Mixtures
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):165-171
Linking up with the statistical aspects of dosing the active ingredient in the randompowdermixture,the properties of non-random mixtures of micronized active ingredients with auxiliary substancesof the particle size larger by an order are summed up. The review of literature aims to report theconditions of the development of interactive mixtures, possible more precise dosing of small amountsof active ingredients, and limitation of the risk of ordered unit segregation. From the technologicalstandpoint, interactive mixtures are relevant primarily for direct compression of tablets and dosingof the micronized active ingredient in dry powder inhalers.From...
Over-the-counter Drugs in the Inquiries to the Poison Information Centre
M. Křenová, D. Pelclová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):172-176
The aim of the study is to assess the occurrence of inquiries to the Poison Information Centre in theyears 1998-2002, concerning medical preparations containing active agents included in Act No.79/1997 on Drugs in the group of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs which can be sold in the CzechRepublic in other shops than pharmacies. It deals especially with medical preparations containingparacetamol, ibuprofen, mephenhydramine teoclate, disinfectants with iodine or 10% solutions ofquaternary ammonium compounds and 3% solutions of hydrogen peroxide. The attention is focusedon the quantitative assessment of inquiries, sex, age of patients, ingested dose, way...
Liberation of Folic Acids from Composite Chitosan Films
A. Martinac, T. Klein, I. Kladníčková, M. Dittrich
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):177-182
Thin films were prepared by the method of evaporation of aqueous solutions of chitosan or itsmixtures with poloxamer 407, gelatin, or polyvinyl alcohol. Films of varying thickness werecross-linked with phosphate ions. They contained micronized folic acid in a concentration of 9.1 %or 3.2 %. Prolonged several hours' liberation of folic acid into isotonic phosphate buffer at pH 5.5,6.0,and 6.5was examined. In the initial stage, the mechanism of liberationwas governed by diffusionof the dissolved fraction, at higher pH values a higher rate of dissolution of the substance played itsrole. In some composites, sorption of folic acid to chitosan in an extent...
Study of the Strenght of Compacts of Mixed Dry Binders Consisting of Powdered Celluloseand Directly Compressible Lactose
J. Mužíková, P. Hájková, Š. Vinklarová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):183-186
The paper studied the strength of compacts of dry binders consisting of powdered cellulose anddirectly compressible lactose. The powdered cellulose employed was Arbocel A300, the directlycompressible lactose, Pharmatosa DCL 21. The first step of the evaluation comprised the tensilestrength of compacts and sensitivity of dry binders alone to an addition of magnesium stearate. Thesamemethod of evaluation was then used for mixed dry binders from Arbocel A300 and PharmatosaDCL 21 in ratios of 3:1, 1:1 and 1:3. The tested concentrations of magnesium stearate were 0.4 and0.8 %. Sensitivity of dry binders to an addition of the lubricant was evaluated by means...
A Study of the Stability of Dioxopromethazine by HPLC Method
Z. Capková, T. Hudecová, Š. Hatrík, E. Havránek, Z. Vitková
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):187-191
Dioxopromethazine began to be used in therapy as a modern antihistamine agent in the 1970s.A dioxopromethazine-containing ophthalmic instillation and a gel were employed until the end ofthe 1990s. The paper deals with the examination of the stability of the drug dioxopromethazine inaqueous solutions and the ophthalmic instillation Promefrin® stored under different conditions.High-performance liquid chromatography with spectrophotometrical and electrochemical detectionand HPLC connected on-line with mass spectrometry were employed for analysis. Dioxopromethazinein aqueous solutions and in ophthalmic instillations stored in direct sunlight was found...
Analysis of Tablets Containing the Antihistamine Loratadine: A Contribution to theIdentification of Impurities
N. Issa, M. Mlynárová
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):192-196
Thin-layer chromatography on silica gel (Merck) was employed to examine potential impuritiespresent in loratadine-containing tablets. A method usable for testing of impurities was elaborated,which suitably supplements the determination of loratadine content using the spectrophotometricmethod in the UV region. The method was validated for selected pharmaceuticals.
Separation of Enantiomers of Phenylcarbamic Acid Derivatives by HPLC Method
K. Hroboňová, J. Lehotay, J. Čižmárik
Čes. slov. farm. 2004, 53(4):197-202
The chiral stationary phase on the base of β-cyclodextrin and the mobile phase acetonitrile/0.1 mol/lacetate buffer pH=5.2 (88/12 w/w) were used for the separation of the enantiomers of 1-methoxymethyl,1-ethoxymethyl, 1-propoxymethyl-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl), (1-piperidino), (1-perhydroazepinyl)-ethyl esters of 2-alkoxyphenylcarbamic acid. The influence of the structure of these compounds andthe influence of temperature on enantioseparation were studied. The dominant effect on there solution of enantiomers is exerted by the length of the alkoxysubstituent on the aromatic ring andits position with regard to the stereogenic centre. A decrease in temperature...