Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 2002 (vol. 51), issue 5
Articles
Immunopathogenesis of Psoriasis and Its Current Therapy Possibilities
M. Svozil
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):213-219
Psoriasis is a partly inflammatory hyperproliferative skin disease. Its origin has not been clarifiedyet, but numerous immunologic, bioregulatory, and biochemical changes accompanying this diseaseare known.Many cell types and a number of immunity systemfactors forming a perfectly interlinkednetwork are involved in the immunity processes in the psoriasis-affected skin. This network isa common place where antipsoriatics operate. There is no therapeutic means known which guaranteespermanent elimination of psoriasis symptoms. External as well as internal therapeutic methodshaving effect on the pathogenetic processes at various levels are combined. UV radiation...
Mycophenolate Mofetil, a New Prospective Immunosuppressant
J. Weberová, R. Vobořil, V. Semecký
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):220-225
The mycophenolate mofetil, a prodrug of mycophenolic acid, is a new immunosuppressive drug witha specific mechanism of action consisting in the inhibition of T- and B-lymphocytes proliferation.A series of animal experiments showed efficiency of the mycophenolate mofetil administered inmonotherapy or in combination with other immunosuppressants to prolong the survival of differentallo- and xenotransplanted grafts. In clinical trials, the mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, andsteroids demonstrated high efficacy in the prevention of acute rejection in the solid allotransplantedorgans. The mycophenolate mofetil seems to be a suitable candidate for the...
Progress in Antifungal Drugs Development
M. Doležal
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):226-235
The present review paper deals with novel antifungal drugs. The lack of new antifungal drugsascends proportionally to the increasing occurrence of serious infections caused by yeast and fungimainly at immunocompromised or in other way sensitive patients. The topical state of pharmacotherapyis briefly drawn out; most attention is given to newly developed active entities. Establishedagents do not satisfy the medical need completely, azoles are fungistatic and vulnerable to resistance,whereas polyenes cause serious host toxicity. Drugs in clinical development include modified azolesand a new class of echinocandins and pneumocandins. Other promising novel...
Influence of Fractal Dimension on the Flow Rate of Powdered Auxiliary Substances
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):236-239
Fractal dimension of the particles of powdered auxiliary substances expresses the raggedness oftheir surface, which can influence both the bulk density and their flow rate through the opening ofthe powder funnel. In the size fractions of 0.20-0.25 mmof six powdered auxiliary substances, theirlinear fractal dimensions within a range of 1.031 to 1.109 and the corresponding flow rates throughthe circular openings of the powder funnel of diameters of 6; 8; 10, and 12 mm were found.A significant correlation has been demonstrated between the flow rate expressed in volume (cm3/s)and the fractal dimension, which after an increase by one unit characterizes...
Cholesterol Inhibits Peroxidation of Egg Phosphatidylcholine in MultilamellarLiposomes
J. Gallová, P. Slosarčík, D. Uhríková, P. Balgavý
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):240-243
The effect of cholesterol (CHOL) on the rate of autoperoxidation of chromatographically purephosphatidylcholine from hen egg yolks (EYPC) in aerated multilamellar liposomes was examinedat eight CHOL:EYPC molar ratios from 0.1 up to 1.0 at 45 °C. Autoperoxidation was measured asconjugated diene (CD) formation by UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In the presence of cholesterol, theinitiation and propagation phases of autoperoxidation were prolonged, the autoperoxidation rate inthe propagation phase was decreased, and the CD concentration in the termination phase waslowered. The inhibition of EYPC autoperoxidation by cholesterol can originate a) from the increasedlateral...
The Role of the Moistening Agent in the Process of Extrusion and Spheronization
M. Rabišková, J. P. Pérez
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):244-247
The pellet is an important oral dosage form, interesting because of its numerous technological andpharmacotherapeutic advantages. Extrusion/spheronization is one of the most frequently employedtechnologies of pellet manufacture. Similarly as other technologies, also this process of manufactureinfluences a number of manufacturing and formulating parameters, which are then reflected in thefinal properties of produced pellets. The present experimental paper is concerned with the role ofthe moistening agent in the process of extrusion/spheronization and the examination of its effect onthe size, density, shape, and mechanical and flow properties of pellets.
Effect of Sodium Chloride on Elastic Behaviour of Silicone Matrices
E. Šnejdrová, J. Zelenka, M. Řehula
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):248-251
An increase in the availability of the active ingredient from silicone matrices can be achieved byusing sodium chloride as the filler. An addition of sodium chloride also influences the mechanicalproperties of silicone systems. The temperature dependence of real Young's model E' of additionsilicone systems with sodium chloride was measured. With increasing NaCl concentration in thesilicone system, the values of Young'smodule E are increased. The increase is also influenced by theparticle size of NaCl. The values of the module are moderately increased also with increasingtemperature, which corresponds to the kinetic theory of caoutchouc elasticity....
Biodistribution of 99mTc-labelled Low Molecular Peptides and Proteins in an AnimalModel of Inflammation
P. Komárek, I. Kleisner, M. Konopková, I. Komárková
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):252-256
The aim of this study was to evaluate accumulation of the low molecular peptides and proteinslabelled with 99mTc in rat inflammatory/infection foci. Peptides (human leukocyte dialysate - HLD, thymosin fraction 5 - TF5, aprotinin - APT), proteins (human IgG - HIG) were labelled with 99mTc using a redox polymer. The labelling efficiency was evaluated using paper, TLC and/or columnchromatography and electrophoresis. The biodistribution of the labelled substances was evaluatedin Wistar rats with Staphylococcus aureus infection or with sterile kaolin suspension-inducedinflammation in the left inguinal region 24 h after abscess induction....
Optimization of Conditions for Determination of L-cystine Using CapillaryIsotachophoresis
P. Kubačák, I. Valášková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 2002, 51(5):257-260
The compound L-cystine was determined using the method of capillary isotachophoresis in twoelectrolyte systems. Precision, correctness, linearity, robustness, and selectivity of ITP were evaluated.The results of ITP measurements were compared with the results obtained by means of thestandard pharmacopoeial methods.