Czech and Slovak Pharmacy, 1999 (vol. 48), issue 3
Articles
Chiral Compounds and Their Pharmacological Effects
A. Slováková, A. J. Hutt
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):107-112
The present contribution to the problems of the stereochemistry of drugs is an attempt at stressingthe importance of a stereochemical view of pharmacology and at informing about the advances of"chiral pharmacology" within the framework of the contemporary knowledge of selective effects ofdrugs. There are no simple solutions in the "racemates versus enantiomers" problems and eachsubstance must be considered and tested individually, i.e. on the case-by-case principle. For manyracemates available at present there exist relatively few items of knowledge concerning thepharmacological, toxicological and pharmacokinetic properties of their individual enantiomers,...
Pharmaceutical Significance of the Species of the Genus Solidago 2. The Saponins of the Species Solidago canadensis L. and Solidago gigantea Ait. var.serotina (O. Kuntze) Cronquist
M. Sovová, M. Křenková, J. Sova, L. Opletal
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):113-116
The present review paper is a continuation of the previous paper dealing with the glycosides ofSolidago virgaurea L. It summarized the knowledge about saponins present in both Solidagocanadensis L. and Solidago gigantea Ait. var. serotina (O. Kuntze) Cronquist. From S. canadensis,eight saponins, i.e. canadensissaponins, have been isolated till now. From S. gigantea, fourgiganteasaponins have been isolated. The saponins of S. canadensis and S. gigantea are ofbidesmosidic type and differ from one another in the length and structure of saccharide chains.These chains are not acylated as the saponins of S. virgaurea. Giganteasaponins differ fromcanadensissaponins...
Several Common Gastrointestinal Symptoms and their Effective and Safe Treatment
Z. Fendrich
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):117-121
The pharmacist is an important specialist in the selection of the drug when the patient comes forpharmacist's advice of how to alleviate common gastrointestinal symptoms. Of all drugs which canbe effective in these situations, only three drugs (bismuth subsalicylate, psyllium, and docusatesodium) proved to be advantageous for selfmedication. Bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) is muchappreciated in the treatment of peptic ulcers where it not only covers the base of the ulcer but alsoeradicates Helicobacter pylori. Therefore this drug does not treat only the symptoms but the causeof the disease as well. Dyspepsia may also be effectively treated with BSS because...
Density of Lyophilised Ophthalmic Lamellae 3. Effects on the Density Due to Addition of Pilocarpinium Chloride or Scopolaminium Bromide
Z. Zatloukal
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):122-125
The paper examines the effects on the density of ophthalmic lamellae obtained by lyophilisation ofthe hydrogel of hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC 4000) in a concentration of 40 g/l due to anaddition of pilocarpinium chloride or scopolaminium bromide. The density of the basic xerogel66.4 g/l is markedly increased in the presence of 54.3 g/l pilocarpinium chloride. On the other hand,a lower concentration of 11.4 g/l scopolaminium bromide slightly decreases the density. Changes indensity influence the actual concentration of the active ingredient in hydrated lamellae. Changesare marked primarily in pilocarpinium chloride where changes in the density...
A Contribution to the Estimation of Particle Size in Semisolid Emulsion Systems
Z. Chalupová, M. Jaborník, I. Scheerová, M. Rabišková
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):126-128
Particle size and frequency of occurrence of particles of a certain size exert a significant influence on the properties of disperse systems. Therefore estimation of particle size of the internal phase is a suitable method for the evaluation of the quality of pharmaceutical emulsions. According to the particle size it is possible to evaluate the effect of the emulsifier and its concentration on the technological procedures and processing plant. Measurement of particle size by means of an optic microscope and statistical processing of results is facilitated by a computer programme, which considers the measured size of each individual particle from a...
Investigation of the Effects of Ecological Aspects on the Content of Toxic Metals - Pb and Cd - in the Drugs Flos tiliae and Flos sambuci
M. Svičeková, E. Havránek
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):129-131
The method of differential pulse polarography was employed to determine the content of the toxic metals lead and cadmium in the drugs Flos tiliae and Flos sambuci collected on purpose in the courseof seven years in two ecologically different localities: in "an ecologically pure environment" and in an ecologically damaged environment". The gained results are evaluated on the basis of the relationship of an increased content of the toxic metal and a locality, and particularly whether they comply with the requirements for the allowed limits proposed in the literature for the metals understudy in the drugs used for pharmaceutical purposes.
Effect of Biotic Elicitation on the Production of Anthraglycosides by the Tissue Cultureof Rheum palmatum L.
M. Kašparová, J. Dušek
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):132-135
A principal precondition for successful elicitation used to increase the production of secondarymetabolities is, among other, finding a suitable elicitor, its concentration and the optimal period oftime of the action of the elicitor on the plant culture in vitro, which was the aim of the present paper.The effect was examined of a 6; 24; 48 and 168 hour action of the suspension solution of the deadcells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (in five concentrations) on the production of anthracene derivativesin the callus and suspension culture of Rheum palmatum cultivated on a Murashige-Skoog mediumwith an addition of 10 mg/l of a-naphthylacetic acid. The maximal...
Examination of the Activity of Some Aminopeptidases in Immobilized Cells of the Poppy Plant
J. Stano, K. Neubert, L. Hegedüs, F. Andriamainty
Čes. slov. farm. 1999, 48(3):136-139
Suspension cultures of the poppy plant (Papaver somniferum L.) were permeated with Tween 80and immobilized with glutaraldehyde. The values of optimum pH of L-alanine aminopeptidase(L-Ala-AP), L-tyrosine aminopeptidase (L-Tyr-AP) and L-arginine aminopeptidase (L-Arg-AP) innative and immobilized cells are 8.0; 7.0 and 7.8, respectively. In the cells immobilized withglutaraldehyde, the activity of the enzymes under study is very low in comparison with native cells.In the immobilization of amino peptidases, alginate gel was successfully applied.